as a follow-up to a previous post : It turns out that John McCain has recently submitted his positions to the Science Debate 2008 list of 14 issues.作为会议的后续行动到以前的帖子：原来，约翰麦凯恩最近提出了他的立场的科学辩论2008年的14名单的问题。 Both candidates’ statements can be found here .两位候选人的发言可以在这里找到。
Here’s my take on both candidates’ positions:这是我的就两位候选人的立场：
1. 1 。 Innovation创新
Sen Obama proposes a doubling of government funded basic research expenditures over the next decade.森奥巴马提出了一倍的政府资助的基础研究支出在未来十年。 He quotes detailed statistics that frame the issue.他引用具体的统计数字，框架的问题。 He proposes to create Teacher Residency Academies thus adding 30,000 new teacher to high-need schools.他建议设立教师居住书院从而增加新教师30000高需要的学校。 He proposes to make the R&D tax rebate permanent.他建议，使研发退税常任理事国。
Sen McCain does not offer any specifics, only phrases such as this one “I am uniquely qualified to lead our nation during this technological revolution.麦凯恩没有提出任何具体细节，只词组象这样的： “我唯一有资格领导我们的国家在这一技术革命。 While in the Navy, I depended upon the technologies and information provided by our nation’s scientists and engineers with (sic) during each mission.”虽然在海军，我取决于技术和提供的资料，我们国家的科学家和工程师的（原文如此）在每个任务。 “
2. 2 。 Climate Change气候变化
Both candidates would implement a cap-and-trade system to reduce greenhouse emissions, with Sen Obama targeting a reduction of 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, Sen McCain a reduction of 60% below 1990 levels by 2050.两位候选人将实施上限和交易系统，以减少温室气体排放，与洪森针对奥巴马减少了80 ％ ，低于1990年的水平，到2050年，麦凯恩减少60 ％ ，低于1990年水平的2050年。 As far as I know, cap-and-trade greenhouse reduction schemes may not be enough to reach these goals.据我所知，限制和减少温室贸易计划可能不足以实现这些目标。 Sen Obama has a clearly internationalist approach, suggesting the creation of a G8 5 Global Energy Forum.森奥巴马有一个明确的国际主义者的做法，显示建立一个八国集团 5全球能源论坛。 Sen McCain would create a 300 million dollar award “for the development of a battery package that has the size, capacity, cost and power to leapfrog the commercially available plug-in hybrids or electric cars.” Sounds nice but is not practical, in my humble opinion.麦凯恩将创造300万美元的裁决“发展的一个电池包，有规模，能力，成本和功耗，以跨越式的商用充电式油电混合车或电动车。 ”听起来不错，但不切合实际，我愚见。
3. 3 。 Energy能源
Sen Obama stresses conservation and increased efficiency.森奥巴马强调保护和提高效率。 Sen McCain apparently wants his government to build 45 new Nuclear Power plants; a really, really bad idea.麦凯恩显然是希望他的政府将建立45个新的核电厂;实在是太糟糕的主意。 Strange, but conservative politician McCain does not mention the words conservation or efficiency increase.奇怪，但保守的政治家麦凯恩没有提到的话养护或效率提高。
4. 4 。 Education教育
Sen Obama states that “All American citizens need high quality STEM education that inspires them to know more about the world around them, engages them in exploring challenging questions, and involves them in high quality intellectual work.森奥巴马指出： “所有美国公民需要高品质的干教育 ，激发他们更多地了解他们周围的世界，让他们在探索具有挑战性的问题，涉及到他们在高品质的智力劳动。 STEM education is no longer only for those pursuing STEM careers; it should enable all citizens to solve problems, collaborate, weigh evidence, and communicate ideas”.干教育不再是只有那些追求干的事业，它应使所有公民解决问题，协作，重证据，并交流思想。 “ He proposes specific initiatives such as Teacher Service Scholarships, a Teacher Residency Program, Career Ladders, a $4,000 American Opportunity Tax Credit to make College more affordable and a comprehensive “zero to five” program for pre-school children.他提议的具体举措，如教师服务奖学金，教师居住计划，职业阶梯，一个$ 4000美国税收抵免的机遇，使学院更可承受的和全面的“零五年”计划的学龄前儿童。
Sen McCain also mentions specifics such as devoting 60 percent of Title II funding for incentive bonuses for high performing teachers, allocating $250 million through a competitive grant program to support states that commit to expanding online education, but his approach is summarized in this unfortunate phrase: “We must fill the pipeline to our colleges and universities with students prepared for the rigors of advanced engineering, math, science and technology degrees.” Sounds like another oil guy talking about education.麦凯恩还提到具体细节，如把百分之六十第二编资金奖励奖金的高性能教师，拨出2.5亿美元通过竞争性赠款项目，以支持国家，致力于扩大网上教育，但他的做法是总结了这一不幸的词语： “我们必须弥补我们的管道高校学生编写的农作物先进的工程，数学，科学和技术的程度。 ”听起来另一石油家伙谈论教育。 Not appealing at all.没有吸引力的。
5. 5 。 National Security国家安全
Sen McCain is a military man.麦凯恩是一个军人。 As the saying goes, “if your only tool is a hammer, everything will look like a nail”.常言道， “如果你的唯一工具是一把锤子，一切都会看起来像一个钉子。 ” Thus National Security for McCain is solely a military problem.因此，国家安全的麦凯恩完全是一个军事问题。 His approach is narrow and shortsighted.他的做法是狭隘和短视的。 Sen Obama defines this issue much broader and his suggestions will be more successful.森奥巴马界定这个问题更广泛和他的建议能够取得更大成功。 In my opinion, both candidates neglect the basic fact that moral authority is one of the cornerstones of national security policy.在我看来，两位候选人忽视的基本事实，即是道德权威的基石之一，国家安全政策。 If the United State is just one more bullying superpower we all need to expect more blowback from those that we are bullying.如果美国只是一个超级大国更欺负我们都需要期待着更多的blowback从那些欺负我们。
There are 9 more issues.有9个以上的问题。 Biggest difference is in support for Stem Cell research, where McCain takes the expected conservative stance and Obama is more supportive.最大的不同是在支持干细胞研究，麦凯恩在考虑预期的保守立场和奥巴马是支持的。 Sen Obama also explicitly commits to establishing health care for all US citizens, while Sen McCain just wants to make health care “more affordable”.森奥巴马还明确承诺建立卫生保健为所有美国公民，而麦凯恩只是想使保健“更便宜” 。
From a “Science point of view” this election is not a difficult decision.从“科学的角度来看”这次选举不是一个困难的决定。 It is unfortunate that we Americans only have a choice between these two somewhat similar views and positions, though Obama’s responses are more rational and generally more detailed.不幸的是，我们美国人只有一个选择这两者之间有些相似的看法和立场，但奥巴马的答复更合理和更详细的一般。
Whoever our next president happens to be, he’s going to first have to deal with the mess that his predecessor created, thus severely constraining any room for truly new ideas or initiatives.不管我们的下一任总统恰好是，他要首先处理的烂摊子，他的前任建立，从而严重制约任何一个房间里真正的新想法或倡议。 When the projected fiscal deficit for your first year in office is $500 billion and you have two hot wars on your hands with 150,000 US troops committed overseas, wobbly financial markets, skyrocketing energy costs, a tanking housing market, rising unemployment, rising inflation and a shaky economy, you probably have different priorities than Science policy initiatives.当财政赤字预计为您的第一年办公室5000亿美元和你有两个热战在您的手150000 美军致力于海外金融市场的不稳定，能源价格暴涨，外挂住房市场，失业率上升，通货膨胀率上升和不稳定的经济，你可能有不同的优先事项超过科学的政策倡议。 Right?对不对？
